Saule is a sun goddess. She rode in a copper chariot drawn by fiery steeds across the sky, bringing light to the world. She was married to the moon god, Menuo, until he raped her favorite daughter, the morning star Valkyrine (aka Saule Meita, Ausrine). The scars on the moon's face that are visible from the earth are said to be the scars from Saule's vicious attack when she found out what her husband had done. The stories say that the moon and the sun once traveled the skies together, but after his unforgivable betrayal, Saule refuses to be seen in the sky at the same time as her former husband. It is Menuo's shame that makes him hide his face from the sun. It is for this reason that Saule is seen as an inspiration and source of comfort for both mothers and children--she is the epitome of the protective and nurturing mother, caring for her children above all else.
Origin: Lithuanian, Slavic
Characteristics: Above all else, Saule is a loving mother. She is also seen as a warrior goddess, as evidenced by her swift and merciless vengeance on her husband after what he did to her daughter.
Habitat: A castle that resides either at the far end of the sea. At the bottom of the slippery high hill of the sky where her castle rests is an apple orchard. After her ride across the sky, Saule washes her horses in the sea and rests in her apple orchard
Notes:
Sometimes Saule is described as sailing in a golden boat
She can also be represented by a golden jug that pours light
Her daughters are the stars (sometimes said to be fathered by the moon)
The bright red setting sun was said to be one of Saule's apples falling from her hand
Reference:
Encyclopedia of Russian and Slavic Myth and Legend by Mike Dixon-Kennedy